Gel Strength of Drilling Mud

In this article main topic will be to show importance of oil and gas courses in islamabad

Gel strength is the shear stress of drilling mud that is measured at low shear rate after the drilling mud is static for a certain period of time. The gel strength is one of the important drilling fluid properties because it demonstrates the ability of the drilling mud to suspend drill solid and weighting material when circulation is ceased.

How can we get the get strength?

We use the 3-rpm reading which will be recorded after stirring the drilling fluid at 600 rpm from a rheometer. Normally, the first reading is noted after the mud is in a static condition for 10 second. The second reading and the third reading will be 10 minuets and 30 minutes, respectively. You may wonder why we need to record the 3-rpm reading after 30 minutes.

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The reason is that the 30 minute-reading will tell us whether the mud will greatly form the gel during an extensive static period or not. If the mud has the high gel strength, it will create high pump pressure in order to break circulation after the mud is static for long time. Furthermore, increasing in a trend of 30-minute gel strength indicates a build up of ultra fine solid. Therefore, the mud must be treated by adding chemicals or diluting with fresh base fluid.

The following causes will result in the high gel strength in the water base mud.

• Bacteria
  • Drill solid
  • Salt
  • Chemical contamination as lime, gypsum, cement, and anhydrite
  • Acid gases as Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen Sulphide

For an oil base drilling fluid, there are several points that will cause the high gel strength in the mud system as follows.

• Over treatment with organic gelling material
  • Build up of fine solid particles in the mud

Operational impacts of the gel strength are as follows:

Cutting suspension ability - Low get strength drilling mud will not be able to efficiently suspend cuttings; therefore, the cutting will quickly drop once pumps are shut down. This can lead to several problems such as stuck pipe, hole pack off, and accumulation of cutting beds.

Barite sag - The barite sag issue mostly occurred because of low gel strength drilling fluid. Hence, the mud weight in the hole will not be constant. You will see that the lower mud weight will be seen at the shallow depth but the heavier mud weight will be noticed at the deeper section of the well. This situation could possibly lead to a well control incident because of insufficient mud weight to balance formation pressure at the shallow section of the wellbore.

Break circulation pressure - If you have highly progressive gel strength fluid, there will be a lot of pressure required to break circulation. Once high pumping pressure is applied, it could lead to break formation and results in lost circulation issue.

Rahman Rashid is best trainer for drilling courses in rawalpindi and please contact 0092-333-5380170 or email trainingcoursespakistan@gmail.com

The Dangers of Hydrocarbons in Water

In this article main topic will be to show importance of oil and gas courses in islamabad

You've likely heard the phrase "oil and water don't mix" at least once in your life. While commonly used to describe two people who don't get along, the saying gets its heft from a truth of chemistry. Certain compounds, known as hydrocarbons, do not dissolve in water due to their chemical makeup; hydrocarbons in water quite literally do not mix! When these two compounds are placed in the same container, the two chemicals will form a series of layers instead of mixing. This interaction can lead to a number of potential hazards that can damage both the environment and your mechanical equipment; therefore it's important to proceed with caution when you find hydrocarbons in water.

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Engine Damage

A hydrocarbon engine needs to be constantly lubricated with pure oil. In this instance, it is actually the water that is the contaminant. While engines are closed systems, H2O can still find its way in through rainwater leakage, condensation caused by rapidly changing temperature, and steam leakage from another part of the system. Once water is in the system, it is impossible to remove it without either using a proper filter or changing the oil. If neither process is rapidly implemented, it can lead to the following problems: stalled engines, enhanced bacteria growth, loss of additives, reduced conductivity, and enhanced abrasive wear in the hydraulic components. A small amount of the wrong liquid can do serious damage over time to this very expensive piece of equipment.

Storage Tank Sludge

Storage tanks remain in one place for a long period of time. While this may not seem like a cause for concern, their immobility makes it easy to miss a regular inspection; this is a serious issue if the tanks contain flammable chemicals or hydrocarbons. No tank remains perfectly sealed forever, and wear and tear will eventually allow water to seep in. As previously stated, these two liquids do not mix, and so a "rag layer" forms between them. This moist, dark layer is a perfect breeding ground for all kinds of bacteria. When bacteria can grow unimpeded, it degrades the quality of the tank's contents and corrodes the tank's structure, eventually creating disgusting, unusable sludge.

While invasive liquids can be manually drained, there is no perfect system for doing so. There is always the inherent risk of spilling the chemicals. This can be a safety hazard, particularly when flammable chemicals are being drained. Therefore, an automatic tank-dewatering system is recommended. This device will automatically dewater the storage tank on a regular basis, depositing the unwanted liquid in a separate container that can then be disposed of at a proper treatment facility.

Pollution

Hydrocarbons in water never dissolve. They never dissipate in the ocean, let alone in a lake or river. They will sit on top of waves and remain a constant source of pollution until they are removed by an outside source. These two chemical compounds cannot mix under any circumstances. Therefore, whether you are someone who needs to use hydrocarbons or just someone who enjoys pure water, the presence of hydrocarbons in water is devastating and life threatening. Whenever you're in a situation where the two can interact, it is important to take steps ensuring proper prevention and cleanup, as well as confirming that treatment protocols are followed.

Rahman Rashid is best trainer for oil and gas courses in islamabad and please contact 0092-333-5380170 or email trainingcoursespakistan@gmail.com

Oil Rig Job Descriptions Plus More Great Information

The oil rig job description most people imagine is manual labor and getting dirty, yet there are many wonderful opportunities involved as well...which should be taken into account as you weigh your career choices. Most importantly, if you are un-skilled or have no formal training in a trade and are at least 18 years of age the oil industry could be your best choice so enroll in Oil and gas courses in rawalpindi islamabad pakistan.

Not many career paths invite high-school drop-outs to work for double what college graduates make after 4 years of education. Of course, you can't just saunter on-board a rig without being scrutinized at all. Because oil rig job descriptions require you to be physically fit and able-bodied, an exam will determine whether or not you can handle the demands of oil life. But before you even apply, it's crucial to know your options and advancement potential prior to getting on board.

Entry level oil rig job descriptions on a drill or deck crew include cleaning, painting, tool maintenance, and assisting superiors need certification from oil and gas courses in rawalpindi. The term used for a completely "green" hire is Roustabout. If you've had some experience in field drilling, you might be hired on as a Roughneck, who has more involvement in actual drilling operations. Also, if you do have a college degree in Chemistry, you might be hired in the mud room - but some knowledge of oil is required. Onshore welders, mechanics, electricians and painters can fit many entry level oil rig job descriptions as well, if you are honest about your prior experience.

Further up the chain of command are the Roughnecks, Crane Operators, Pumpmen, Derrickmen and Drillers. These job descriptions define key players in an oil rig operation. If you start out as a Roustabout, you'll have the option of moving up into a Roughneck's spot or, if your specialty is on deck, you might assist the Crane Operator, finally filling his/her position at a later date on the same rig or a different one.

All crew members work similar schedules, no matter their job description, that normally involve 12 hour days with three breaks throughout the day. Also, you will be working 14 days straight with no vacation. After that two weeks though, you'll be able to enjoy 14 days off wherever you decide to go!

TSk is best training centre for oil and gas courses in rawalpindi

Who is Roustabout how we become a successful roustabout?

Researching how to become a roustabout is probably the best step you can make if you're serious about working in the oil industry. Most men and women underestimate the actual hiring procedures and wait years without a response, subsequent to applying. Reading this article will help you get started and increase your chances of landing a spot on an offshore oil rig, and soon and will provide the basic info about Technical Data used in the field explained in oil and gas courses in Rawalpindi.

First, you should have an idea of the qualifications, demands and schedule tied to a Roustabouts job description. While the average Joe with no formal education to speak-of can send in a resume, he or she must take into account that offshore oil rig jobs require an average of 12 hours of physical labor per day. Of course, workers do get fed extremely well and are given at least three breaks a day with snacks in between. A Roustabout will work this shift for two weeks straight with no off-days and in isolation at sea. This is the same for most oil rig jobs. At the end of every 14-day period, you'll have the opportunity to go on vacation anywhere you choose for two straight weeks...then back to work. Some more details of oil and gas courses in rawalpindi are as under

Learning how to become a roustabout involves on and offshore, observation and of course, actual physical labor on your rig. Your main duties would involve cleaning the decks, removing rust, painting and assisting Roughnecks, Drillers and Crane Operators, depending on the operation at hand. Basically, you'll do whatever job is asked of you!

1. Roustabout
   2. Roughneck
   3. Assistant Driller or Assistant Crane Operator
   4. Driller or Crane Operator
   5. Toolpusher
   6. Offshore Installation Manager

The increase in salary doubles from level 1 to level 5 and 6 in the above scenario, and can take between 5 and 10 years, depending on your goals and ambition. Rig crews always promote advancement, as skilled laborers with responsibility are an asset to the industry. TSK Training for Skills and Knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad for Pakistani Students who wants to join oil field after oil and gas courses in Islamabad.